ATTRACTIONS & PLACES TO VISIT IN BHUBANESWAR

Celebrated as the Temple City of India, Bhubaneswar is home to over 700 temples, many dating back centuries, that showcase the distinctive Kalinga style of architecture. From the Lingaraj Temple to the rock-cut Udayagiri Caves and Khandagiri Caves, the city - regarded as the ‘Gateway to Odisha’s heritage’ - offers a rich cultural and mythological landscape.

LINGARAJ TEMPLE

The city’s largest shrine, Lingaraj Temple rises to about 180 ft and represents the peak of Kalinga architecture. It was described by 19th-century Scottish architectural historian James Fergusson as one of the finest examples of Hindu temple architecture in India. Built in the 11th century by King Jajati Keshari, the temple is dedicated primarily to Lord Shiva in the form of Harihara, with a swayambhu (self-manifested) shivalinga at its core. It remains one of Odisha’s most revered sacred sites.

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UDAYAGIRI AND KHANDAGIRI CAVES

Carved into sandstone hills overlooking the city, this renowned complex comprises a group of 33 rock-cut caves dating to the 2nd-century Mahameghavahana dynasty, patronised during the reign of King Kharavela of ancient Kalinga (present-day Odisha). They offer insight into the lives of Jain monks and scholars. The most elaborate is the double-storeyed Rani Gumpha, noted for its sculpted friezes and spacious layout.

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NANDANKANAN ZOO AND BOTANICAL GARDEN

Organically designed within a natural forested landscape, Nandankanan Zoological Park is known for its spacious enclosures designed to replicate natural habitats. It was the first zoo in the world to successfully breed white tigers in captivity and is notable for its conservation efforts, including breeding programmes for species such as gharials and Indian pangolins. The adjoining botanical garden, located beside Kanjia Lake, features a diverse collection of rare plants and trees.

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MUKTESHWAR TEMPLE

This 10th-century shrine is known as the ‘Gem of Odisha’ for its refined Kalinga-era architecture, sculptural work and intricate carvings. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the 35-foot red sandstone temple is especially noted for its elaborately decorated arched gateway (torana). It hosts the annual Mukteswara Dance Festival in January, celebrating Odissi, one of India’s oldest classical dance forms.

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DHAULI SHANTI STUPA

Also known as the Peace Pagoda, this dome-shaped, marble and gold-accented landmark was built in 1972 by the Japan Buddha Sangha and the Kalinga Nippon Buddha Sangha on the site associated with the Kalinga War, atop Dhauli Hills. The stupa commemorates the turning point when Emperor Ashoka renounced violence and adopted Buddhism, embracing the philosophy of dharma-vijaya (victory through righteousness). It is adorned with stone panels depicting Buddha’s footprints, the Bodhi tree and an image of Ashoka placing his sword before Buddha. The site hosts the annual Kalinga Dhauli Mahotsav - a vibrant fusion of Indian classical, folk and martial arts - typically held in February.

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ODISHA STATE MUSEUM

Established in 1932, one of the state’s largest museums houses Odisha’s premier collection of archaeological artefacts and sculptures across 11 sections, including Anthropology, Numismatics, Geology and Armoury. It holds one of the world’s largest repositories of ancient palm-leaf manuscripts, covering subjects such as literature, science, philosophy and ancient currency. Visitors can also explore a unique Epigraphy Gallery and an arts and crafts section showcasing pattachitra paintings, textiles and metalwork.

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RAJARANI TEMPLE

Dating to the 11th century, this refined example of Kalinga architecture is built in distinctive red and yellow sandstone known locally as ‘Rajarani’. Unlike most temples in the city, it has no presiding deity and is noted for its sculptural detailing, including graceful figures of nayikas (temple maidens) and intricate depictions of deities. Set within landscaped gardens, the temple offers a quieter, contemplative experience and hosts the annual Rajarani Music Festival.

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CHILIKA LAKE

Stretching along the eastern coast, Chilika Lake is Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon and a designated Ramsar wetland of international importance. Spread across multiple districts, it is a vital habitat for migratory birds, especially during winter, and is known for sightings of the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin near Satapada. Visitors can explore the lake by boat, visit the Nalabana Bird Sanctuary, Kalijai Temple and experience the island’s rich biodiversity and fishing communities.

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PIPLI APPLIQUÉ VILLAGE

Located along the Bhubaneswar–Puri highway, Pipli is renowned for its vibrant appliqué craft, traditionally created for temple rituals associated with Lord Jagannath. This centuries-old textile art involves stitching colourful fabric pieces into intricate motifs such as animals, flowers and mythological forms, seen in canopies, umbrellas, wall hangings and festival décor. Lining the village streets, workshops and shops offer a glimpse into this living craft tradition and the opportunity to interact with artisans.

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